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[Home](/en)[Blog](/en/blog) Key Financial Ratios for Evaluating Business Performance 

# Key Financial Ratios for Evaluating Business Performance

Practical guide to the most important financial ratios: liquidity, profitability, leverage, and activity, with formulas and benchmarks.

Thought Leadership February 16, 2026 CRiskCo 

Financial ratios are fundamental tools for evaluating a company's performance and financial health. These indicators allow investors, lenders, and managers to make informed decisions based on objective data.

  

## What are financial ratios?

  

Financial ratios are mathematical relationships between two or more items from a company's financial statements. They allow comparing a company's performance with itself over time, with other companies in the same sector, and against industry standards.

  

## Key financial ratios

  

\### Liquidity ratios

  

Measure the company's ability to meet short-term obligations.

  

**Current ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities**

A value greater than 1 indicates the company can cover its short-term debts. The ideal range is 1.5 to 2.0.

  

**Quick ratio = (Current Assets - Inventory) / Current Liabilities**

Similar to the current ratio but excludes inventory, offering a more conservative view of liquidity.

  

\### Profitability ratios

  

Evaluate the company's ability to generate profits.

  

**Net profit margin = Net Income / Net Sales × 100**

Indicates what percentage of each dollar sold becomes profit.

  

**ROE (Return on Equity) = Net Income / Shareholders' Equity × 100**

Measures the return shareholders earn on their investment.

  

**ROA (Return on Assets) = Net Income / Total Assets × 100**

Evaluates how efficiently the company uses its assets to generate profits.

  

\### Leverage ratios

  

Measure the company's financial leverage level.

  

**Debt ratio = Total Liabilities / Total Assets**

A value above 0.6 may indicate risky debt levels.

  

**Interest coverage = Operating Income / Interest Expenses**

Indicates how many times the company can cover interest payments with operating earnings. A value below 1.5 is concerning.

  

\### Activity ratios

  

Measure the company's operational efficiency.

  

**Accounts receivable turnover = Credit Sales / Average Accounts Receivable**

Indicates how many times per year the company collects its outstanding accounts.

  

**Days Sales Outstanding (DSO) = 365 / Accounts Receivable Turnover**

The average number of days the company takes to collect. A high DSO may indicate liquidity problems.

  

**Inventory turnover = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory**

Measures how quickly the company converts inventory into sales.

  

## Interpretation and context

  

Financial ratios should be interpreted in context:

  
-   **Temporal comparison:** Analyze ratio trends across multiple periods
-   **Sector comparison:** "Healthy" values vary significantly between industries
-   **Holistic view:** A single ratio doesn't tell the whole story; analyze multiple indicators together
-   **Fiscal vs. accounting data:** SAT data ([CFDI](/en/blog/cfdi-importancia)) can offer a more objective view than internally prepared financial statements
  

## CRiskCo's analysis

  

CRiskCo automatically calculates key financial ratios using verified SAT data. Our FinScore incorporates these indicators alongside 50+ additional variables to generate a comprehensive credit evaluation. This enables financial institutions to make decisions based on real data, not self-reported information. For a deeper dive, see our [credit metrics dictionary](/en/blog/metricas-credito) and our guide on [non-performing loans](/en/blog/cartera-vencida).

  

* * *

  

_Want to automatically analyze your clients' financial ratios with SAT data? \[Discover CRiskCo\](/solutions/credit-risk)._

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